Human Anatomy & Physiology

Unit 2: Tissue & Integumentary System

Review Sheet

 

Tissues:

¤     Realate tissues to the levels of organization in the body

¤      What are the 4 Tissue type?

o     characteristics of each?

o     examples of each?

o     structure & function of each?

¤     Focus on epithelium...

o     What is the function? Where is it found?

o     How would you classify the different types? How does the layer/shape relate to its role in the body?

o     Identification -- see your quiz for things to be able to label.

Click here to practice identification: http://www.udel.edu/Biology/Wags/histopage/colorpage/cep/cep.htm

¤      Describe the effects of aging on the 4 types of tissues

Integumentary System:

What parts make up the Integumentary System?

What are all the functions of the Integumentary System? Can you explain HOW each function is accomplished? (see pg 166 and notes for more details!)

¤      Protection

o     Water loss ˆ Keratinocytes

o     Invasion

o     UV light ˆ Melanocytes

¤      Metabolism

o     Vitamin D, dehydrocholesterol, calcium, rickets

¤      Thermoregulation: radiation & evaporation

o     Anterior hypothalamus

o     Vasoconstriction vs. vasodilation

o     Sweat- responses to various stimuli

o     Shivering

o     Goose bumps

o     Frostbite

¤      Sensation

o     Free vs. encapsulated nerve endings

o     4 basic kinds of sensors

o     distribution

¤   Excretion and absorption

What are the layers of the Skin? What is each layer made of? What roles does each layer have? How are these functions accomplished?

¤      Epidermis

o     Stratified squamous

o     No blood vessels

o     Cells: keratinocytes & melanocytes (pigmentation, freckles, albino, etc)

o     All 5 layers...

¤      Dermis

o     Fibroblasts ˆ collagen & elastin

o     Vasculated -- explain 2 roles of blood vessels?

o     Nerve fibers -- can you describe where the concentration of nerves are and why they are there?

o     Hair follicles

¤      Root

¤      Shaft

¤      Melanocytes

¤      Arrector pili - what are goosebumps?

o     Sebaceous glands

¤      What is sebum?

¤      What role do androgens & estrogen have?

¤      how does a pimple form?

o     Sweat glands

o     Nail -- cuticle, root, body

¤      Hypodermis (Subcutaneous)

o      Addipose tissue